Avascular Necrosis (AVN) in Rotherham

Avascular necrosis (AVN), commonly referred to as osteonecrosis or bone infarction, is a progressive disease where bone tissue dies due to insufficient blood supply (ischaemia). This lack of circulation causes bone cells to necrose, leading to structural weakening and eventual collapse of the affected bone segment.

The femoral head (the ball of the hip joint) is the most frequently impacted site, accounting for many cases, but avascular necrosis can also affect the knee, shoulder, ankle, or wrist. In early stages, microscopic damage occurs without symptoms, but as it advances, tiny fractures develop, compromising the bone's integrity and causing the joint surface to collapse.

Without intervention, avascular necrosis often results in severe arthritis and joint destruction. Techniques like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detect changes early, before X-rays show abnormalities. Common associations include traumatic injuries disrupting blood vessels, long-term corticosteroid use causing fat emboli, excessive alcohol intake leading to vascular blockage, and conditions like sickle cell disease or lupus affecting circulation. At Kinvara Private Hospital, we emphasise early detection to preserve joint function and avoid invasive procedures where possible.